Why Diesel Generator is Used: Why its rating in kVA, Why Power Factor, Why it is Expensive, Causes not to Start

Why Diesel Generator Rating in kVA Matters

The rating of a diesel generator in kVA (kilo-volt-ampere) is a crucial consideration when choosing a generator for a particular application. Let's understand why the diesel generator rating in kVA matters.

Power Output:

The rating of a diesel generator in kVA indicates its power output, which is the amount of electrical power that the generator can produce. The power output of a diesel generator is determined by its engine size, speed, and efficiency. Diesel generators are available in various kVA ratings, ranging from small portable generators with a few kVA to large industrial generators with several thousand kVA. Choosing the right generator rating in kVA is essential to meet the power requirements of the application without overloading or underloading the generator.

Load Flexibility:

The kVA rating of a diesel generator also determines its load flexibility. Diesel generators are typically rated at 0.8 power factor, which means that they can deliver 80% of their rated power as active power or real power (kW) and 20% as reactive power (kVArs). The load flexibility of a diesel generator depends on its kVA rating, as generators with higher kVA ratings can accommodate larger loads and have more reserve capacity to handle transient loads or sudden changes in power demand. Choosing the right generator rating in kVA is crucial to ensure that the generator can handle the specific load requirements of the application.

Efficiency and Fuel Consumption:

The efficiency and fuel consumption of a diesel generator are also affected by its kVA rating. Smaller generators with lower kVA ratings may have lower efficiencies and higher fuel consumption rates compared to larger generators with higher kVA ratings. This is because smaller generators may operate at higher loads or closer to their maximum capacity which can result in lower efficiencies and higher fuel consumption. On the other hand, larger generators with higher kVA ratings tend to operate at lower loads, closer to their optimal efficiency, resulting in better fuel economy and lower operating costs. Therefore, selecting the appropriate diesel generator rating in kVA is crucial to ensure optimal efficiency and fuel consumption.

Why Diesel Generator Power Factor Matters

The power factor is an important factor to consider when using a diesel generator. Let's explore why the power factor of a diesel generator matters.

Understanding Power Factor:

Power factor is a measure of the efficiency with which a generator converts electrical power into useful work. It is expressed as a decimal or a percentage and represents the proportion of actual power (kW) to apparent power (kVA). A power factor of 1 indicates that all the electrical power supplied by the generator is converted into useful work, while a power factor less than 1 indicates that a portion of the power is lost as reactive power or wasted energy.

Importance of Power Factor:

The power factor of a diesel generator is important for several reasons. Firstly, a low power factor can result in increased fuel consumption, as the generator needs to compensate for the lost energy in the form of reactive power. This can lead to higher operating costs and reduced fuel efficiency. Secondly, a low power factor can also affect the performance of the generator, as it may result in increased wear and tear on the generator components and reduced overall lifespan. Lastly, a low power factor can also impact the quality of the electrical power supplied by the generator, leading to issues such as voltage drops, voltage instability, and increased harmonic distortions.

Matching Generator Power Factor to Load:

To optimize the performance and efficiency of a diesel generator, it is essential to match the power factor of the generator to the power factor of the load. This can be achieved by using power factor correction techniques, such as capacitors or power factor correction panels, which help improve the power factor of the load and reduce the strain on the generator. By matching the power factor of the generator to the load, it is possible to reduce fuel consumption, minimize generator wear and tear, and ensure the reliable and efficient operation of the generator.

Why Diesel Generator Set is Preferred

When it comes to diesel generators, they are often sold as a complete set or package, commonly referred to as a diesel generator set or simply a genset. Let's understand why a diesel generator set is preferred in many applications.

Complete Solution:

A diesel generator set is a complete solution that includes not only the diesel engine but also the alternator, control panel, fuel tank, and other necessary components. This makes it a convenient and hassle-free option for those who need a reliable source of backup power. The generator set is designed to work together as a system, ensuring compatibility and optimal performance. The alternator, which is responsible for generating the electrical power, is specifically matched to the diesel engine to ensure efficient and reliable power generation. The control panel allows for easy monitoring and control of the generator, and the fuel tank provides a sufficient fuel supply for the generator to operate for extended periods without the need for frequent refueling. By providing a complete solution in a single package, diesel generator sets offer convenience and simplicity, making them a preferred choice for many applications.

Standardization and Compliance:

Diesel generator sets are manufactured in accordance with industry standards and regulations, ensuring that they meet the necessary safety, performance, and environmental requirements. They are designed, tested, and certified to comply with various international standards, such as ISO, IEC, and CSA, to ensure reliable and safe operation. Diesel generator sets also undergo rigorous quality control measures during the manufacturing process to ensure consistent performance and durability. This standardization and compliance provide peace of mind to users.

Why Diesel Generators Can Be More Expensive

The cost of a diesel generator is one of the factors that need to be considered when choosing a backup power solution. Let's explore why diesel generators can be more expensive compared to other types of generators.

Higher Initial Cost:

One of the reasons why diesel generators can be more expensive is the higher initial cost of the equipment. Diesel engines, alternators, and other components used in diesel generators are typically more expensive compared to gasoline or natural gas engines used in other types of generators. The manufacturing process for diesel engines involves precision engineering and high-quality materials, which can drive up the production costs. Additionally, diesel generators require more robust construction to handle the high compression ratios and heavy-duty operation, adding to the overall cost of the generator.

Maintenance and Operating Costs:

Another factor that contributes to the higher cost of diesel generators is the maintenance and operating costs associated with them. Diesel generators require regular maintenance, including oil and filter changes, fuel filter replacements, and cooling system maintenance, which can add to the overall operating costs. Diesel fuel, although known for its energy efficiency, can also be more expensive compared to other fuels, such as gasoline or natural gas. Additionally, emissions regulations and environmental requirements may necessitate the use of additional equipment, such as diesel exhaust after-treatment systems, to comply with emissions standards, adding to the overall cost of the generator.

Durability and Reliability:

Despite the higher initial and operating costs, diesel generators are known for their durability and reliability. Diesel engines are designed to withstand heavy loads, harsh environments, and extended operating hours, making them suitable for demanding applications where a reliable source of backup power is crucial. Diesel generators are also known for their longer lifespan compared to other types of generators, which can offset the higher initial costs over the life of the generator. Additionally, diesel generators are less susceptible to factors such as fluctuating fuel prices and supply disruptions, making them a dependable choice for continuous and reliable power generation.

Common Reasons for Diesel Generators Not Starting

While diesel generators are known for their reliability, there can be instances when they fail to start. Let's explore some common reasons why diesel generators may not start.

Fuel-related Issues:

One of the most common reasons why a diesel generator may not start is fuel-related issues. These can include problems such as insufficient fuel supply, contaminated fuel, or air in the fuel system. If the generator is not getting enough fuel, it may not have enough fuel to ignite and start the engine. Contaminated fuel, such as water or dirt in the fuel, can also cause issues with the fuel injectors or fuel pump, preventing the engine from starting. Air in the fuel system can disrupt the fuel flow and result in starting issues as well.

Battery-related Issues:

Diesel generators rely on batteries to start the engine, and battery-related issues can be another common reason for starting problems. Batteries that are weak or discharged may not have enough power to crank the engine and start the generator. Corroded or loose battery connections can also disrupt the flow of electricity and prevent the generator from starting. It is important to regularly inspect and maintain the batteries to ensure reliable starting of the diesel generator.

Faulty Glow Plugs:

Glow plugs are used in diesel engines to preheat the combustion chambers for easier starting, especially in colder weather. If the glow plugs are faulty or not functioning properly, they may not provide enough heat to ignite the fuel, resulting in starting difficulties. Regular inspection and replacement of glow plugs, especially in colder climates, can help prevent starting issues.

Faulty Ignition System:

The ignition system of a diesel generator, including the ignition switch, ignition coil, and spark plug (if applicable), can also be a source of starting problems. If any of the ignition components are faulty or not functioning correctly, it can prevent the engine from starting. Regular inspection and maintenance of the ignition system can help prevent such issues and ensure reliable starting of the diesel generator.

Air-related Issues:

Air-related issues can also cause starting problems in diesel generators. For instance, air leaks in the fuel system can disrupt the fuel flow and result in starting difficulties. Air can also get trapped in the fuel lines, preventing the engine from getting enough fuel to start. Regular inspection of the fuel lines and connections can help identify and fix any air-related issues.

Low Compression:

Diesel engines require high compression ratios to ignite the fuel and start the engine. If there is low compression in the engine due to worn-out piston rings, cylinder walls, or other internal components, it can result in starting difficulties. Regular maintenance, including checking and maintaining proper compression levels, can help prevent such issues.

Electrical Issues:

Electrical issues can also prevent diesel generators from starting. This can include problems with the starter motor, alternator, or other electrical components that are essential for starting the engine. Regular inspection and maintenance of the electrical system can help prevent such issues and ensure reliable starting of the diesel generator.